Estimates the carbon footprint from major emission sources in crop production, with source-wise breakdown and yield-scaled intensity. Uses IPCC AR6 default GWP values.
carbon_footprint(
diesel_use = 0,
electricity_use = 0,
n_fertilizer = 0,
p_fertilizer = 0,
k_fertilizer = 0,
pesticide_use = 0,
seed_rate = 0,
n2o_direct = NULL,
ch4_emission = 0,
yield = NULL,
ef_diesel = 2.68,
ef_electricity = 0.82,
ef_n_manufacture = 4.96,
ef_p_manufacture = 1.61,
ef_k_manufacture = 0.57,
ef_pesticide = 10.97,
ef_seed = 0.58,
gwp_n2o = 273,
gwp_ch4 = 27,
verbose = TRUE
)Numeric. Diesel consumption (L/ha). Default 0.
Numeric. Electricity consumption (kWh/ha). Default 0.
Numeric. Nitrogen fertilizer applied (kg N/ha). Default 0.
Numeric. Phosphorus fertilizer applied (kg P2O5/ha). Default 0.
Numeric. Potassium fertilizer applied (kg K2O/ha). Default 0.
Numeric. Pesticide active ingredient used (kg a.i./ha). Default 0.
Numeric. Seed rate (kg/ha). Default 0.
Numeric. Direct N2O emissions from soil
(kg N2O/ha). If NULL (default), estimated using IPCC
Tier 1 default: 1 percent of applied N emitted as N2O-N, then
converted to N2O using factor 44/28.
Numeric. Methane emission (kg CH4/ha). Default 0. Relevant for rice paddies.
Numeric. Crop yield (kg/ha) for intensity calculation.
Default NULL.
Numeric. Emission factor for diesel (kg CO2/L). Default 2.68.
Numeric. Emission factor for grid electricity (kg CO2/kWh). Default 0.82 (India grid average, CEA 2023).
Numeric. Emission factor for N fertilizer manufacture (kg CO2-eq/kg N). Default 4.96 (urea-based).
Numeric. Emission factor for P fertilizer manufacture (kg CO2-eq/kg P2O5). Default 1.61.
Numeric. Emission factor for K fertilizer manufacture (kg CO2-eq/kg K2O). Default 0.57.
Numeric. Emission factor for pesticide (kg CO2-eq/kg a.i.). Default 10.97.
Numeric. Emission factor for seed production (kg CO2-eq/kg). Default 0.58.
Numeric. Global warming potential of N2O relative to CO2. Default 273 (IPCC AR6, 100-year horizon).
Numeric. Global warming potential of CH4 relative to CO2. Default 27 (IPCC AR6, 100-year horizon).
Logical. If TRUE, prints informational messages.
Default TRUE.
A list with components:
Numeric. Total carbon footprint (kg CO2-eq/ha)
Numeric. Carbon footprint intensity
(kg CO2-eq/kg yield), returned only when yield is
provided and positive
Data frame with columns: source, emission_kg_CO2eq, and share_pct showing the contribution of each emission source
Formula: $$CF = \frac{\sum Activity_i \times EF_i}{Yield}$$
Lal, R. (2004). Carbon emission from farm operations. Environment International, 30(7), 981-990. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2004.01.005
Forster, P. et al. (2021). The Earth's energy budget, climate feedbacks, and climate sensitivity. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis (IPCC AR6 WGI Chapter 7). doi:10.1017/9781009157896.009
IPCC (2019). 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. ISBN:978-4-88788-232-4.
cf <- carbon_footprint(
diesel_use = 60, electricity_use = 200,
n_fertilizer = 120, p_fertilizer = 60, k_fertilizer = 40,
pesticide_use = 1.5, seed_rate = 100, yield = 4500
)
#> Carbon footprint: 1628.65 kg CO2-eq/ha (GWP AR6: CH4=27, N2O=273).
cf$total_cf
#> [1] 1628.65
cf$cf_intensity
#> [1] 0.3619
cf$breakdown
#> source emission_kg_CO2eq share_pct
#> 1 Diesel 160.80 9.9
#> 2 Electricity 164.00 10.1
#> 3 N_fertilizer 595.20 36.5
#> 4 P_fertilizer 96.60 5.9
#> 5 K_fertilizer 22.80 1.4
#> 6 Pesticide 16.46 1.0
#> 7 Seed 58.00 3.6
#> 8 N2O_direct 514.80 31.6
#> 9 CH4 0.00 0.0